Workbench

My Week in Radio

• I moved the tape-measure yagi to the top of a 25-foot flagpole in the backyard.
  • 10 W, but not quite doing it.
  • There’s still too much of a hill.
• I upgraded the X6100 baseband, stock firmware, and 3rd-party firmware.
• Some CW
  • barely got 2 CW contacts hunting POTA, but I got into their logs
  • heard AF3Z on 40m out on his trip
  • morsle app to practice copying CW words and call signs
• I redesigned and printed a new antenna winder.
• I heard some AM and some RTTY during contests.
• I cleaned up and organized all the radio stuff from the move instead of contesting.
• I’m going to try for my extra ticket at the next Ham Fest.

Others’ News

• KB3RFG, Jim: all the bands open today in lots of directions
• NA3CW, Chuck: lot’s of AM fun
• AF3Z, Jim
  • spectated some RTTY contesting
  • 10m CW conversations
• WA3VEE, Ron: LMR400 (KMR400) coax is lowest loss practical

Questions

• KN3I, John: How does one make an AM rig sound good? Carrier power, modulation, etc.

My Week in Radio

• Tried some new firmware for X6100, but no good
• Moved Houses
  • installed some antennas
    • 71ft random wire
    • 1/4 wave ground plane
• POTA weekend
  • Michaux State Forest
  • Caledonia State Park
  • King’s Gap Environmental Education Center
  • Pine Grove Furnace
  • Used an EFHW for everything
  • Ran out of battery on Pine Grove Furnace on the second day, so did the whole thing with 1W FT8.
  • Tried calling CQ on CW to see if RBN would pick me up.

Questions

• Charles, KC3SWC: What books about operating do you recommand?
  • Ron, WA3VEE
    • ARRL Operating Guide
    • ARRL: Basic Electronics for Radio
    • Electronics for Hobbyists
  • John, KC3WWC
    • Spend lots of time listening to others
    • Youtube
  • Chuck, NA3CW
    • Lots of people are listening
    • Keep it civil
    • Keep it technical
    • Don’t bore people with aches and pains
    • ARRL Operating Manualy
    • ARRL Handbook
    • ARRL Antenna Book
    • Be helpful
    • Be interesting
• Wayne, KC3SQI: How do you tone squelch for receiving and filtering away QRM from another repeater on the same frequency?
  • Ron, WA3VEE: tone squelch or “split tone”
  • CR, W8CRW: T-SQL = tone squelch
  • Chuck, NA3CW: would be useful when the band opened and a distant DMR is overtaking 985.
• Ron, WA3VEE: Yaesu HTs can only do one of the other, not both.

My Week in Radio

• The photos looked great from Bill’s, KC3OOK, antenna party
• https://ft8.live/ for a more responsive visualization of pskreporter data.
• POTA at Susquehannock
  • No digital, only sideband
  • QSO parties for Hawaii, Kansas, and Ohio
  • Bothered someone with a bit of CW badly
• Morse Machine app on Android for practicing
• I finally confirmed 50 states on QRZ.com with Hawaii
  • generally 5-10W
  • mostly digital, some sideband
• I started playing with a couple Meshtastic nodes
  • Impressive range for low power, ~125mW

Questions

• W8CRW, CR: Is there any device that would log a date-time every time you key your VHF/UHF transmitter?
  • W3DIB: string together an arduino, some AI, and voice recognition
  • WA3VEE: pull it from broadcastify
  • K3VIL: newer ICOM has a recording feature
  • NA3CW: security system that can log contacts opening/closing
  • W8CRW: looking for something radio agnostic
• KC3OOK, Bill: Balanced-L vs T-Match network tuner for open wire feed. Is one better than the other?
  • Balanced L = L-C-L and it’s fed on the low-impedance side.
  • T-Match has a wider range, but maybe less efficient.

My Week in Radio

• Iambic Keying
  • Tap, instead of squeeze, since I’m having trouble releasing the paddles in time.
  • Squeeze Keying at Ham Radio QRP
• I started patching and compiling my own firmware for my Quansheng radios
  • building and flashing works
  • my minor change had no effect
• New R1CBU 0.22.0 firmware for x6100
  • whole firmware is like a new radio
  • minor fixes and conveniences
    • peak marger on S-meter
    • nicer scrolling on waterfall
• POTA by the Susquehanna River in Marietta
  • I heard some lighthouse events
  • I spoke to someone on a nuclear ship in Baltimore
  • I ran into a fellow ham and ex-professor from 25 years ago, Paul Ross, W3FIS.
  • It’s so quiet away from my normal desk of computers, I thought noise reduction was stuck ON
• 10m looking pretty open today to California
• I’ve been keeping the blog up-to-date, and I use this net to document my week.

Topics

• Jeff, W3JAM, is having trouble with an MFJ antenna analyzer that’s not being reliable compared to his other analyzers.
• Bill, KC3OOK, is preparing for the weekend’s antenna party.
• Jim, AF3Z, participated in the QRP Skeeter Hunt with his Penntech, 68ft of wire, and a tuner. 5W on 40M got him 25 CW contacts.
• Luke, KC3SCY, is building a transmitter from 1929.
• Tim, W3QP, is planning some hiking and SOTA in Virginia.
• Harvey, KC3NZT, was in PEI (I think) doing a little HF and listing to ship traffic.
• Question from Jeff, W3JAM: What is Supermon and how does one get started?
  • It’s a web-based interfacet to an Allstar node.
  • ClearNode app runs on Android.
• Question from Harvey, KC3NZT: In 120V wiring, does a voltage between 0V and 120V mean a broken or loose ground or common?
  • KC3RFG: Yes! The AC world is different from the DC world.

My Week in Radio

• Watching APRS
  • trying different radios/antennas w/ aprsdroid
  • slim-jim working better with any radio
  • watching logs and better-understanding the structure of the packets
• N3TWT repeater (South Mountain) looks good for “off grid” communication when camping in Cumberland county
  • heard lots of volunteer event activity
  • also heard N3FYI & N3KZ
• moving in September, so scheming new antennas
• maybe noticing a bug on AUBS firmware on Quansheng. I have copy of code to read and see about a fix.
• I tried another firmware, but missing the killer feature: scan on start

Notes from Others

• Everyone went to Kimberton Hamfest
• AF3Z, Jim: wait 30 years, and that shiny new radio will be affordable.

Questions

• W3JAM, Jeff:
  • using a generator, how important is ground?
    • KC3RFG, Jim:
      • already grounded if connected to home.
      • job site may require a ground rod, but doesn’t do much.
      • for field day, generator is the only “reference”, so no need for ground
      • modern generators have GFI built-in.
    • NA3CW, Chuck:
      • don’t let generator run down and stop under load, because it’ll degauss the residual magnetism
  • Heathkit SB102 w/ 6146B tubes. It wouldn’t tune up. is there concern with using 6146W tubes?
    • NA3CW, Chuck: 6146W is the ruggedized version. it should work. neutralize, and you’re good to go.
    • AF3Z, Jim: be sure to check the tubes with a tube-tester
• AF3Z, Jim:
  • cable management while being able to access and change. beat the rats’ nest. Are there good systems for cable management?
    • WA3VEE, Ron:
      • best if you can walk behind the desk
      • everything slides on felt feet, so must have some slack loosely coiled.
    • NA3CW, Chuck:
      • desk 90 degrees to the wall for easy access to the back.
      • garden velcro: can be snipped to any length you need.
    • KC3JAM, Jeff:
      • military systems require being able to get behind things.
• KC3OOK, Bill:
  • Has anyone used DragonOS / Linux?
    • NA3CW, Chuck: Mint, but not Dragon OS.

My Week in Radio

• Mobile APRS is proving to be really short-range
  • Couldn’t even spot myself outside at Sam Lewis up on the hill
  • Cycled with it, but no traffic
  • Needs a real antenna
• Some POTA
  • Sam Lewis, US-1418
    • found the leading park activator, kn3a, in my spot. :)
    • storms rolling in, so called it quits
    • watched 20m slam shut: decoding 30 signals to 4
  • Susquehanna River, US-4567
    • Columbia Riverfront Park that’s open after sunset
    • spanned into the next day…again, so had an incomplete and a complete activation.
• Got an FT8 contact to Israel with 5W from home: first Asia for me.
• Weekly RTTY Test and FT4 sprint
• Ham radio software may not be the most efficient
  • fldigi left running but disconnected from radio ran CPU at 95C doing nothing.
  • GridTracker likes to burn cpu too when left running.
• AB3AP, Mike, on EZ-Hang slingshot: I’ve given up the slingshot and just swing my throw line by hand.
• KB3ILS, Keith: there are scripts online for 3d-modeling any size knob you need.

Questions

• W3JAM, Jeff:
  • Does anyone have experience using Drake TR4CW on AM?
  • Can you add a noise blanker to this radio?
    • Noise blanker would alleviate pulsing noise from electric fence.
    • Jeff will be getting the entire manual library on CD, which will have information.
• KC3OOK, Bill:
  • How do you connect a NanoVNA to an open wire feed line?
  • WA3VEE: Would you need a balun to start getting close to impedance to match the expected 50 ohm?
  • W3JAM: Doesn’t matter so much where it’s tuned, since you use it with a tuner anyway.
  • NA3CW:
    • You don’t want it to be resonant anyway, because being resonant will give you the largest extremes to tune when trying to move to other bands.
    • NanoVNA may be limited on the impedance it can read.
    • Dipole should be at least as long as half wave + a little
    • He extended a wire to get it to tune where it wouldn’t.
• WA3VEE, Ron:
  • SOCO connectors carry 208V. When rewiring those connectors, what’s a good caulk-like sealant that could be used for “potting” the inside of the plugs?
    • Plain bathroom caulk can be conductive.
    • Silicon may breakdown at lower voltage than needed too.

My Week in Radio

• During last workbench, I used the TYT HT in crossband for the whole net. It gets hot but works.
• I found a bug in the Aubs firmware on my Quansheng radios. It skipped lots of my repeaters for a day.
• Trying the TIDRadio TD-H8 tonight on M/5W power with the good old tape measure Yagi. It’s sounding really nice here.
• On linux, I found cwcp for CW training. I run it at 20wpm with a very slow 20-dot gap.
• I’ve been trying APRS with QRZ-1, an 8-year-old Nexus phone, and a btech APRS cable.
• POTA in York:
  • I had a terrible time throwing into trees that were too high.
  • Resorted to an inverted-V EFHW, 2ft-10ft off the ground with telescoping fishing pole.

Questions

• KB3ILS, Keith
  • How does a hack learn to read basic schematics: conventional or electron current flow?
  • Tips for reading schematics?
  • Chuck, NA3CW
    • Except when dealing with tubes, work in conventional current.
    • Diode and transistor arrows show positive to negative (conventional) flow.
    • Inside tubes the electron flow is shown negative to positive.
    • Reading schematics:
      • Look up different circuit functions
        • Amplifier
        • Audio oscillator
        • etc
      • recognize those groupings as a “block diagram”.
      • learn to read like a block of functions
      • trace with your finger
  • WA3VEE, Ron
    • Think of circuit groups as mechanical operations.
• KC3YIG, Dave
  • Recommendations for distributing power to multiple radios?
  • Astron powering 2 kenwoods: 25w and 65w, 2m and HF base stations.
  • W3QP, Tim
    • Ham Radio Workbench has a nice power distribution block as a kit:
      • 1 anderson power polse for input
      • 5 anderson power poles for output
  • WA3VEE, Ron
    • PowerWorx gear for power poles
  • KC3NZT, Harvey:
    • Anderson power pole has become standard in ham radio.
• KC3NZT, Harvey
  • Operating internationally, in Canada, do we just add “/ve3” to call?
  • W3QP, Tim
    • That’s right for Canada, as long as you’re there temporarily, up to 180 days or so.

Upcoming Hamfest

Reading Radio Club will host their hamfest in Sinking Springs.

My Week in Radio

• Great to see everyone at the breakfast, especially Luke’s loose couplers.
• POTA after the breakfast at Marsh Creek with Vic, KC3TYX
  • 20m was the place to be, but 2 of us operating, so we had to take shifts with our own radios.
• Prime Day Shopping
  • microcord
  • TYT HT for 10w crossband repeater
    • I’m using it now as the repeater
    • Less tethered to the outside antenna
    • Top of the radio/sma is 50C after repeating for an hour on power
  • TinySA
  • Raspberry Pi Zero W kits
• APRSDroid: phone & radio
  • email gateway
  • POTA spotting

Notes from Others

• solarham.com
• Reading Ham Fest coming up
• VE session at Stateline Radio Club

Questions

• KC3WWC: What’s cool about APRS?
  • APRS weather station
  • PWS monitor app to find weather stations near me
  • Other gateway frequencies?
  • Check with CCAR/ARES/RACES nets for their uses.
• KC3WWC: In Galenium detector, how does one know when the cat whisker is right?
  • Joe, W3GMS
    • put on headphones
    • move spring arm with stiff wire (cat whisker)
    • touch it to the galenium
    • move around to find the hot spot where it’s louder
    • germanium diode conducts at very low voltages, so easy
    • loose couplers don’t work so well in a crystal set, since it’s lossy
    • spark era - 1913
    • before galenium, there was a tube with metal filings, a “coherer”.
      • activate a buzzer
      • tap that would fall and reset the coherer
    • after galenium, then audion tube
    • imperative to have a very big antenna to capture as much signal as possible.
    • drive diode into forward current
    • Heathkit made a collectible kit
      • tightly coupled
      • voltage increase in the second coil
      • higher Q, so could be made more selective
    • Luke, KC3SCY, counted 20 different stations one night
  • Chuck, NA3CW
    • fox-hole radio: rusty razor blade, lead pencil, coil, safety pin, oatmeal box, wire
    • galena: ore of lead sulfide
    • immerse the galena in base of lead solder
    • grope around quietly to find magic spot where it works best
    • same thing with foxhole radio
    • uses oxide for detecting, not stainless
    • galena has 0.4V drop, like germanium diode
  • Ron, WA3VEE
    • has a marconi cat whiskey receiver
    • 0.4V can be converted to dBm, and it’s a pretty large signal required
    • predates any amplification
• WA3VEE: What is the most important measure of solar activity we need to consider?
  • most profound affect on propagation?
  • KC3RFP: a-index (9 or lower) k-index (5 or lower)
  • Tamitha Skov website and youtube

My Week in Radio

• I saw Ron’s photos from Sussex County Ham Fest
  • I only go looking for connectors and gadgets, not real gear.
• Enjoyed Luke’s talk at breakfast
  • cat whisker and spark gap
  • reminds me of the books I read as an elementary student
    • crystal radios
    • want to build one again and see about tuning it for medium and shortwave
• POTA: Caledonia
  • used the 12.5M EFRW instead of EFHW
  • afternoon, 40m was dead
  • 20m and 15m was very busy with SSB contesters
  • 15, 17, 20: all EU, and very little local, via FT8 and SSB, but they couldn’t hear me.
    • atmospheric diode?
  • only made 4 contacts in the hour I tried
• Tape Measure YAGI is amazing for hearing the workbench
  • I didn’t want to need to pick a direction, but seems OK for these longer sessions
• Purchased an inexpensive variac
  • so now I need an old radio with some questionable capacitors. :)
• I’ll be at the breakfast, then finding a park to activate afterward.
• Writing a bit for the blog in down times

Others’ News

• Ron, WA3VEE
  • Sussex County Ham Fest
  • photos
• Luke, KC3SCY
  • spark gap and cat whisker
    • receiver working
  • GOJO cleaner without abrasive is good for cleaning wood
• Keith, KB3ILS
  • Lots of extended propagation on 2m
• Jack, K3YVQ
  • listening to longer-distance simplex on 2m calling frequency
• Jim, AF3Z
  • some CW
  • contests upcoming
    • IARU HF contest
    • SKCC Sprintathon
    • Flight of the Bumblebees QRP

Question

• Perseids meteor storm coming this month, What’s involved in working meteor scatter?
  • Widen topic to: Any special propagation modes?
  • Jim: e-skip?
  • Row, WA3VEE:
    • Tropospheric ducting
      • temperature inversion
      • listen to FM broadcast in the morning
        • difficult to hear local
        • hearing much longer distances
        • it’s a mess of overlap
        • means there’s an opening in 2m
      • dxinfocentre.com for tropo forecasts
    • Meteor showers
      • listen to 6m.
  • Chuck, NA3CW
    • Signal around the world
      • 1-2 second delay to hear your own “hello”
      • Japan at 10w
      • 1-way propagation
        • atmosphere is turbulent
        • photons strike into ionized air molecules and electrons
        • the wave jiggles the electrons in the air, and they retransmit
          • this “reflection”
        • signals going the other direction may hit different conditions along the way.
  • KC3WWC: antenna orientation?
  • W1RC, Mike:
    • Digital modes for studying propagation, since it can be monitored
  • WA3VEE, Ron
    • EM energy is released when an electron drops into a lower orbital
    • RBN and pskreporter

My Week in Radio

• I had time off, so lots of Parks on the Air
  • The entire Susquehanna River is considered US-4567 as the Captain John Smith Chesapeake Trail
  • I scouted some spots along the river.
  • I’ve been trying SSB P2P contacts first, then digital modes.
• I found Ron, WA3VEE, and other familiar faces at Harrisburg Hamfest.
• I got 9 of the 13 colonies on SSB and FT8, usually at parks.
• That adjacent net on W3HZU was still a problem on my Quansheng HTs.
  • I’m trying the similarly cheap QRZ-1 Explorer tonight. It’s almost as bad.
  • I’m also trying the tape-measure yagi right now for some gain toward 985 and rejection toward 970.

Questions of the Night

• CR, W8CRW: What would an air compressor from UK (230V, 50Hz) do on 240V/60Hz?
  • Induction motor may run 20% faster, out of spec, wear out more quickly
  • Starting capacitor for the motor may not be compatible
  • May be able to introduce a phase change transformer
• Bill, KC3OOK: NVIS experiences for close contacts?
  • Jack, K3YVQ: good experience with “trapezoid-shaped” antenna wire: horizontal with ends dropped at an angle.
  • Harvey, KC3NZT:
    • half-wave above ground for better DX.
    • a second low antenna may not be worth the trouble of installing.
    • wait for a quiet time and get through to your target contact.
  • Jim, KC3RFG: Got 12mi to Philadelphia. Maybe that was ground-wave.
  • Jim, AF3Z: 10ft off the ground, a couple hundred miles
  • Chuck, NA3CW: “intentional NVIS” = 6ft off ground the whole way with counterpoise directly below, parallel to radiator.
  • Harvey, KC3NZT:
    • model verticals in EZNEC software
    • see lobes in radiation pattern
    • can be quite NVIS at some lengths
• Jack, K3YVQ: Mounting and grounding an antenna on a kayak.
  • Harvey, KC3NZT: tape on the underside as a ground plane
  • Leon, AA3LH: glue a plate to the bottom
  • John, KC3WWC: float a wire on something floaty to keep it on the surface, see Coastal Waves and Wires on Youtube.
  • Wayne, KC3SQI: install foil tape like transducer for a fish finder